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¦V¨Ó¡u¼@³õ¡v¡]theatre¡^§@¬°¤@­Ó§tÀ¸¼@¡B»RÁлP­µ¼Öµ¥ªíºt§Î¦¡ªº¥]®eÅé¡A©¹©¹¥ç¦¨¬°¡uªíºtÃÀ³N¡vªººXÄ¥¡C¤×¨ä¬O¦b·í¥N¼@³õµo®iùØ¡A¥X²{¤F¬Æ»ò¡u»RÁм@³õ¡v¡B¡u­µ¼Ö¼@³õ¡v©Î¬O¡uµøı¼@³õ¡vµ¥Ãþ«¬¡A´N¬O¸Õ¹Ï¥H¡u¼@³õ¡vÅn¬A¤£¦P§Î¦¡ªºªíºtÃÀ³N¡]Performing Arts ¡V ¬O²³¼ÆªºÃÀ³N¡^¡B¬Æ¦ÜÄáÂy¥H«D¤å¥»¬°¥»ªºÃÀ³N§Î¦¡¨Ã§@Âk¤@¨ä¤¤¡C¦b¼@³õùØ¡Aºt¥X¬O¤@­Ó¬G¨Æªº¦A§e²{¡A¦³²Î¤@ªº¤Hª«¨¤¦â¡B±¡¸`¡B®É¶¡¤ÎªÅ¶¡µ¥¤¸¯À¡A¦¨¬°¤@­Ó±Ô¨ÆÅé¡C¼@³õ¬ü¾Çªº·½¬y¡A¥i°l·¹¦Ü¨È¨½¤ó¦h¼wªº´d¼@½×¡A´£¥XÆ[²³¬O³z¹L¶i¤J¤@­Ó¼Ò¥é²{¹êªº¡uÀ¸¡v(1)¡A¥N¤J±¡·P¦Ü§¹³õ«á©âÂ÷¡A©ó¬O²£¥Í¤ß²z¤Wªº¡u²b¤Æ¡v§@¥Î¡A¦¹¤DÀ¸¼@¤§¥\¯à¡C¦pªG¼@³õ¬O¤@ºØºî¦X©ÊªºªíºtÃÀ³N¡A¡uÀ¸¡v¢w¢w§Y¤@­Ó¬G¨Æ¢A±Ô¨ÆÅé¢w¢w´N¬O³e³s¤£¦PªíºtÃÀ³N§Î¦¡ªºµ²ºc¡C·í¼@³õªººX¸¹³£¥´¦b»RÁСB­µ¼Öµ¥§Î¦¡¤W¡A©Ò¿×ªº¡uªíºtÃÀ³N¡v´NÅܱo¶É¦V±j½Õ±Ô¨Æ¤º®e¤F¡C

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Eve Dent: Just Below the Surface (1999)
Eve Dent: Just Below the Surface (1999)

PERFORMANCE ART ¦æ¬°ÃÀ³N

Roselee Goldberg ¥iºâ¬O¬ã¨s¡u¦æ¬°ÃÀ³N¡v¾ú¥vªº¥ýÂß¡C¦o±q¥¼¨Ó¥D¸q¡]Futurism¡^¡B«Øºc¥D¸q¡]Constructivism¡^¡B¹F¹F¥D¸q¡]Dadaism¡^¡B¶W²{¹ê¥D¸q¡]Surrealism¡^µ¥°l·¹ÃÀ³N®a¥H¦Û¨­¤¶¤JÃÀ³N«~ªººt¥X·½¬y¡G¡u¥Ñ¥¼¨Ó¥D¸q¦Ü¤µ¡Aºt¥X«Å¨¥³£¬O«DijªÌªí¹F¥L­Ì¸Õ¹Ï¥H¨ä¥Lªº¤èªkµûij¤é±`¥Í¬¡¸ÌªºÃÀ³N¸gÅç¡C¡v(2) ÃÀ³N®aªº¯u¤HÅS¬Û´N¬O­n¨­Åé¤O¦æªº¤Ï§Ü¬J¦³ÃÀ³NÆ[©À¡A¨Ò¦p¡GÃÀ³N®a¨«¥Xµe´Y¨B¦V¸s²³¡B±´¯Áºt¥X¬Û¹ï©ó¶Ç²ÎÃÀ³Nªº¤£©w©Ê¡B¨­Åé§@¬°³Ð§@´C¤¶¡B¥H·§©À§@ÃÀ³Nµ¥¡C§@«~¥H¦æ°Ê¥ý¦æ¡A¥ç·½©óµøıÃÀ³Nªº¤Ï«ä¡C

¦Ü¤»¡B¤C¤Q¦~¥N¢w¢w§Y Goldberg ©Ò»¡ªº¦æ¬°ÃÀ³Nµo®i¥þ²±®É´Á¢w¢w¥H§Y³õ¥Xºt¬°¥»ªºÃÀ³N§Î¦¡º¥µo®i¦¨«¬¡A¦bAllan Kaprowªº±Àªi§UÄi¤U¡A¡u°¸µo¢A«È»«Á{¡v¡]Happening¡^ÀH¶Õ¦Ó¥Í¡C¤­¡B¤»¤Q¦~¥N¡AJohn Cage¦b¬ü°êªº¯Ã¬ù·sªÀ·|¬ã¨s¾Ç°|¡]The New School of Social Research¡^´x²ë±Ð½ÒªºªmÄ˦~¥N¡AKaprow¥¿¬O½Ò°óªº¤@­û¡C¤@¤E¤­¤E¦~¡A¥Lµoªí¤F§@«~¡q18 Happenings in 6 Parts¡r(3)¡A¥L§âµe´Yªº¤T«Ç¹º¦¨¤»³¡¥÷¡A¨C³¡¥÷ùØ·|¦P®Éµo¥Í¤T­Ó¶µ¥Ø¡AÆ[²³³QÁܽаѻP¨ä¤¤¡B¿Ë¦P·P¨ü¡C©Ò¿×ªº¡u°¸µo¢A«È»«Á{¡v¡A´N¬O¡u¦Ûµo¡B¦]½t»Ú¹J¦Óµo¥Íªº¨Æ±¡¡v¡]something spontaneous, something that just happens to happen¡^¦Û¦¹³oºØ§Y³õ¥XºtªºÃÀ³N§Î¦¡¥¿¦¡³Q­q¦W¡C

¤£¥u¤@¦¸Å¥¤H¤£®hªº»¡¡G¡u°¸µo¡v´N¬OÀHÀH«K«K·d°Êªº¨Æ¨à§a¡H¨ä¹ê¡A©Ò¿×ªº¡u¦Ûµo¡B¦]½t»Ú¹J¦Óµo¥Íªº¨Æ±¡¡v¡A¬O¤@ºØ¶É¦V±NÃÀ³N§Î¦¡¦^Âk¦ÛµMªº³B²z (4)¡C§Y¨Ï©Ò¿×¡u¦]½t»Ú¹J¡vªºÀH¾÷ºt¥X¡]¦pJohn CageÆF·P¨Ó¦Û¡m©ö¸g¡nªº§@«~¡qTheatre Piece¡r¡]1960¡^¡A©Î Dick Higgins¡qThe Tart¡r¡]1965¡^¡A«µ¼ÖªÌ¡Bºt­û¡B»RªÌµ¥³£«ö±q¤@²Õ²Õªº°Ê§@¡BÁn­µ©Î¬Æ¦Üºt¥X¤è¦¡¡B­·®æùØÀH¾÷²£¥Íªº«ü¥Ü¦Óºt¥X¡^¡A¤]»Ý­n¤@­Ó°ò¥»·§·Nªºµ²ºc¡F¦Ü©ó¡uÀHÀH«K«K¡v¡A´N§ó¯A¤Î¨ì°¸µoªº¥»¨­ÃÀ³N§Î¦¡¤Î¦p¦ó¬Ý³o¨Ç¡u¦Ûµo¡B¦]½t»Ú¹J¦Óµo¥Íªº¨Æ±¡¡v¤F¡C

¬Û¹ï¶Ç²Î¼@³õªºªíºt§Î¦¡¡A°¸µo¨S¦³¬G¨Æ±¡¸`¦ÓÄݤ@­Ó¯Âºé¨Æ¶µ¡AºtªÌ¤]¨S¦³¯S©wªº¨¤¦â§êºt¦Ó¬O°õ¦æ¥ô°È¡A§@«~¬J¬O¡u¦Ûµo¡B¦]½t»Ú¹J¡v¤]´N¤£¬O¼ÒÀÀ¤@­Ó¥~¦bªº¡u®ÉªÅ¯x°}¡v¡]time-space matrix¡^¡A»PÆ[ªÌ¦P¦b¤@­Ó¯u¹ê¢A¦ÛµMªº®ÉªÅ¡C¥¿¦pMichael Kirby©Ò½×¡A¦b°¸µo¸Ì¡A¦U¶µ¤¸¯À¡]¦pºtªÌªº°Ê§@¡B»¡¸Ü¡B­µ¼Ö¢AÁn­µ¡B¼vµe¡B¦ç¹¢¡B¹D¨ã¢Aª«¥ó¡B¥¬´º¢A¸Ë¸mµ¥¡^¬O¥hÅÞ¿è¡]alogical¡^¡A¦U¸ü¨ä¤£¦Pªº°T®§¡A¤]¤£¤@©w¦X¦@²Õ¦¨¤@­Ó¤ä´©¯S©w®ÉªÅªº°T®§µ²ºc¡]information structure¡^(5)¡C¥Ñ¦¹¡A­Y¼@³õ¬O¤@­ÓÁ¿¨D²Î¤@ºî¦X¡B±¡·P¥N¤Jªº±Ô¨ÆÅé¡A¦æ¬°ÃÀ³N´N¬O¤@­Ó±´¯Á§Î¦¡¡B´²¸m¿ù¸¨ªº¦æ°Ê´ºÆ[¢w¢w¤@­Ó±q·§©À¥Xµo¡BÁ`­n½Ä¯}·§¦³®Ø®Ø¡B¤S±µªñ¤é±`ª¬ºAªº¤@ºØªí¹F§Î¦¡¡C¨º§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¥Î¬Æ»ò¤èªk¤Äµe¨º°¾Â÷¤FºD¥H¤å¥»¬°¶bªºÁc¹ÐÂøÂI©O¡H

 

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(1) §Y¨È¨½¤ó¦h¼w¦b¡m¸Ö¾Ç¡nùØ´£¤Îªº¡u¸Ö¡v¡A¨ä¹ê·N«ü¡uÀ¸¼@¡v¡C¥ç¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¶Ç²Î¤W¡uÀ¸¼@¡v¥»Äݤ@ºØµÛ»y¨¥¤Î¤å¥»ªºÃÀ³N§Î¦¡¡C

(2) Roselee Goldberg: Performance Art: From Futurism to the Present, Thames & Hudson, 2001¡]ªìª©¬° Performance: Live Art 1909 to the Present, World of Art series, 1988

(3) Allan Kaprow: 18 Happenings in 6 Parts, Reuben Gallery, New York, 1959

(4) Darko Suvin: 'Relections on Happenings', Mariellen R Sandford (ed), Happenings and Other Acts, Routledge, 1995

(5) Michael Kirby: 'Happenings: An Introduction' & 'The New Theatre', Mariellen R Sandford (ed), Happenings and Other Acts, Routledge, 1995, p.30-47

(6) Lois Keidan: 'LIVE ART -- what is it and what can we do with it?', On Tour: British Drama and Dance, Issue 14, 08/1999, p.2-3

(7) ¦P¤W

(8)¡uhome¡vÅܨ­¦¨¸Ë¸m©Î§Y³õÃÀ³N³õ¦a¤§«e¡A­ì¬O¤@©Ò«O¯d¤T¤Q¦~¥N¸ËæCªº¤­¨¤§Î©Фl¡C«Î¥DLaura Godfrey-Isaacs¥»¨­¬O¦ì¦Û¹µÃÀ³NÅU°Ý¤Îµ¦¹º¤H¡A±M¬°°Ó·~¤½¥qÁʶRÃÀ³N«~¤Î¸Ë¸mµ¥¡C¦oÁʤJ©Ð¤l¦Û¦í¡A±N½·s¨Ã¹º¥X¤Q¤­­Ó¨¤¸¨¡AÁܽÐÃÀ³N®a¨ì®a¤¤°µ¸Ë¸m¡]¦pFranko B©ñ¦b«ÈÆUùØ©ñº¡­C¿q¹Ï¹³ªº¡mªi¤l¾÷¡n©Î¯D«Ç¤¤ªºÀO­i¥úºÞ¡mOh Lover Boy¡n¡^¡A©Î°¸§@§Y³õÃÀ³Nªººt¥X¡A¶}©ñ¤©¤½²³°ÑÆ[¡C¹ê¦æ¥H¥Í¬¡ªÅ¶¡§@ÃÀ³NªÅ¶¡¡C


 

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